Dumping device.



e. A. RAKowsKY.

DUMPING DEVIOE. APPLICATION rILnD Aue. 5, 1901.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908. A

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, G. A. RAKowsKY.' DUMPING DEVIGE. APPLIUATION FILED AUG. 6, 1907.

899,682.`-- 1 Patented sept'. 29, 19o8.

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UNITED STATESPATEN T OFFICE.-

GUSTAV A'. RAKOWSKY, OF DULUTH, MINNESOTA,NASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD TOVICTOR RAKOWSKY AND ONE-THIRD TO CHARLES S. OLSON, BOTH OF DULUTH,MINNESOTA.

DUMPING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented sept. 29,1908.

- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsTAv A. RAKowsxY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Duluth, in the county of St. Louis and State of Minnesota,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dum in Devices; andI do hereby declare the fol owing to be a v full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in theart to which it appertains to make and use,

the same.

My invention relates to load dumping devices, and has for its object theprovision of a` convenient holding and dumping device adapted to receiveand hold and preferably to transport a load of earth, ore, or other moreor less comminuted material and adapted to be easily dumped.

It consists of the constructions, combinations and arrangements of partshereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1, is a side elevation of a car embodying myinvention. Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal central section through apiston cylinder embodied in my invention. Fig. 3, is a4 verticaltransverse section of a ortion of my invention, on the line EF o Fig. 1.Fig. 4, is a transverse section of a portion of my invention, on theline A-B of Fig. 5. Fig. 5, is a detail of portions of the frame,buckets, and locking devices forming parts of my said invention. Fig. 6,is a transverse section of my said invention, kon the line C-D ofFig. 1. Fig. 7, is a central vertical ysectional view of a fourway valveforming part of my said invention.

In the drawings, 1, is a frame of any suitable construction, dimensions,proportions, or material; preferably of rigid skeleton formation, andpreferably mounted upon antifriction supports of any suitableconstruction, as upon wheeled trucks 2. Two buckets, 3 and 4,respectively, are pivotally supported upon said frame in any suitablemanner or by any suitable transversely directed pivoting means, as bymeans of the trunnions 3f* and 4a, respectively, which are secured tosaid buckets and extend through bearings 3b and 4b upon said frame. Saidbuckets are open at their to s and inner ends and are closed at theirottoms and outer ends, and in closed position the inner ends of saidbuckets abut against each other so that, together, said buckets inclosed posi- 'them in closed position.

l tion form, in effect, one receptacle open only at the top. Thetrunnions of each of said buckets are preferably positioned inwardly ofthe central vertical transverse plane of gravity of the bucket, so that,normally, the buckets will remain in closed position whether loaded orem ty but this may not be essential, especially after the buckets havebeen locked 1n closed position, at which time the load may be piled upin the center so as to throw the transverse central plane of gravity ofeach bucket and its contents inwardly of the trunnions.

Secured directly, or indirectly to each bucket are one or more levers ofany suitable structure, as the segments 5 and 6, keyed to the shafts 3and 4a, respectively, com rising a portion of the means for tilting saibuckets into open position in the event that they do n'ot tilt Wholly bygravity when released by the locking means provided to support Theselevers may be operated in a variety of ways or by various means withinthe scope and spirit of certain of my claims, but referably I secure tothe outward end of t e segments flexible means as, for example, chains5a and 6a, re-

spectively, which flexible means are carried 9, which cylinders aremounted on said frame 1.

A reservoir of any suitable power sup ly, as the com ressed air cylinder9a, locate at any suitable point, as upon one end of the frame 1,communicates with said piston cylinders as follows: A main pipe 9bextends from said reservoir into a four-way valve 9c. From said valveextends a pipe 9d branched so as to communicate through one vbranch withthe upper end of one cylinder and so as to communicate through the otherbranch with the upper end of the other cylinder. From said valve alsoextends a pi e 9e branched so as to communicate throug one branch withthe lower end of the one cylinder and so as to communicate through theother branch with the lower end of the other cylinder. From said valvealso extends an exhaust opening 9f communicating with the freeatmosphere. Said valve may therefore be operated to admit power to the uper ends of both cylinders, or to the lower ens of both cylinders, or tocut off the power su ply and to open `the exhaust from either tllie uper or the lower ends of both cylinders, I a so preferably insert in saidcylinders below the pistons coiled springs 8b, which, under ordinaryconditions, will raise the pistons without the necessity of introducingair or steam beneath them, and the air or steam is Vthus economized. Thedescending pistons through the mediums of the flexible means, 4haul-uponthe levers 5 and 6 and cause them to tilt vthe inner ends of the bucketsdownwardly upon their pivots so that their inwardfo en ends will bedirected downwardly todisc argethe load.

In order to support and lock the buckets in closed position so that theymay receive and retainvthe load, even when the center of gravity isinward ofthe trunnions, I provide rthefollowing described means.

Upon each side of each bucket, I pivot a ylinger 10, ftherupper end ofwhich, above the ivot, is adapted, in operative position, to ear againstthe side of the bucket, and the lower 1enol of which, from the plane ofthe longitudinalaxis of said pivot, extends transversely .outward anddownward and at `its lower Vend is cylindrically concaved onsubstantially the same radius as the freeend of the dog 1-1, hereinafterdescribed. Iivotally mounted on the frame 1 at each side of each bucket,as by lthe pivot 11a turning in bear- -ings 11b, is a dog l1, having afree end or nose directed, in operative position, toward the lower endIof `the adjoining finger 10 and, in operative position, adapted toengage said finger, #the free end ornose of said dog being cylindricallyconvexed concentrically with said pivot 1l?. The opposite end or heel ofsaid dog is slotted as at l 1 C to receive a pin 12 which is directedrthere-through. Said pin l2 Lextends preferably through iboth dogs onthe same side-of the ydevice and may therefore be embodied in thelocking means of both buckets, Awhereas a separate dogll and finger 10.is required or preferred for each bucket. Extending downward from saidpistons are iston rods 13 carrying vertically slotted ugs 13a, throughwhich slots said pins l2 also extend. Upon the descent of the pistons 13the upper ends of the slotted lugs 13il strike the pins 12 with ahammer-like blow which is communicated to the heels of the dogs andoperates to force the dogs out of engag-ement with said fingers, thenoses of the dogs moving upwardly on 'an arc concentric with said pivots11a, and also concentric .with ,the dog-engaging concaves of saidfingers. At the same time or closely subsequent thereto a pull ispreferably exerted upon the levers and 6 to tilt or aid in tilting thebuckets, the inner ends of which ated to exhaust the air or steam fromthe cylinders, whereupon the springs Sb below thel pistons will raisethe same, thus-through the intermediate means hereinbeforedescribed-eecting the return of the dogs to locking position. The heelsof the dogs cannot rise higher than locking position, because ofsuitable stops as 1 :l formed on er secured to the frame and extendingover the heels of said dogs. When, therefore, the buckets swing back toclosed position, the fingers 10 will yield at their lower ends,oscillating on their pivots, so as to pass in to engaging position withrelation to said dogs. In order to throw the lower ends of said lingersyielding outward into engaging position, l provide the springs 10 L eachof which bears at one end against the side of the respectively adjoiningbucket, and at the other end bears against the lower end of therespectively adjoining finger.

It will of course be observed that when the transverse plane of thecenter of gravity, is inward of the trunnions, a part of the weight willbe carried by said 'fingers and dogs and their pivots and bearings, thusrelieving the trunnions of over strain during transit of thc receptaclewhen embodied in or mounted upon a car. I also provide the lugs 14secured to the sides of the buckets in a transverse vertical planeoutward of the transverse vertical plane in which the trunnions arepositioned, which lugs are adapted, in operative, position to bear uponthe frame so as to carry part of the weight of the buckets when saidbuckets are in closed position, and so as -to carry a part of the weightof buckets and load when the center of gravity of the load is outward ofthe trunnions.

Across the top of each bucket, preferably in line with the trunnions, Iinsert a stiffening beam 15, preferably a channel beam, which beam issecured to the opposite side walls of the bucket and tends to preventeither bulging or buckling of the side walls. rl`hcre are alsopreferably provided channelfianges 1 at the upper edges of the sidewalls of the buckets, outwardly of the trunnions, which fianges areadapted to overhang the upper edges of the sides of the frame and, whenthe buckets are in closed position, to engage said frame and preventinjurious swaying of the buckets in said frame. A minute degree ofswaying may however if desired be provided for in the bearings of saidtrunnions in order to avoid an undesirable amount of friction betweensaid flanges and said frame when the buckets are to be tilted.

My invention is especially adapted to use in dump cars and is primarilyintended for such use. There has heretofore been great difficulty,involving a very large. waste of time and labor in dumping ore carsdesigned to discharge through their floors, when the ore or earththerein has been frozen, orwhen it has become so packed as to form abridge, or arch, over-the discharge openings. Under such circumstancesthe ore must be thawed out, or rammed from the top, or both. The rammingfrequently results in packing the ore tighter and making the archstronger, and in such cars it has been impractical to undermine the keyof the arch. The expense incident to unloading a car under suchconditions has been exceedingly great, and in ramming the ore the livesand limbs of the laborers are not infrequently j eopardized. To avoidthese difficulties, it will be observed that I have, in my invention,abandoned the trap door principle of discharge and have, in a minordegree, approached the clam-shell bucket principle, whereby I secure arelatively larger discharge opening, and a discharging iloor of verysteep angle without sacriiicing any of the load capacity ofthe car orbuckets.

In using my invention, if the ore should by any chance become bridgedover the opening, it can be attacked from the side by long crow bars andquickly undermined or dislodged. It will be observed that the dischargeopening of a car provided with floor doors could not be constructed aslong as the discharge opening of my car, unless the trucks were made ofgreat and'undesirable height, for the reason that the lowered floordoors would strike the track, especially if the doors broke loose whenthe car was in transit. The advantages of my invention will thus beapparent.

What I claim is,

l. In a dumping device, the combination with suitable frame, of twobuckets supported thereon and adapted to tilt in a vertical plane, eachof said buckets being entirely open at its inner end, means forsupporting the inner ends of said buckets in non tilted position, meansfor'releasing the latter said supporting means, said buckets beingadapted when empty to be returned by gravity to non-tilted position, thefloors of said buckets being adapted to contact with each other whensaid buckets are in non-tilted position, and means for tilting the innerends of said buckets downwardly.

2. In a dumping device, the combination with a suitable frame, of abucket mounted thereon and adapted to tilt in a vertical plane, saidbucket being closed at one end and open at the opposite end, said bucketbeing provided at its closed end with means adapted to overhang andengage said frame and depend downwardly at the outside thereof when saidbucket is in non-tilted position and to disengage from said frame whensaid bucket isl tilting.

3. In a dumping device, the combination of a suitable frame, a bucketpivotally mounted on said frame and adapted to tilt downwardly at oneend and upwardly at its opposite end, said downwardly `tilting end beingopen, said upwardly tilting end being provided with an outwardly anddownwardly extending ange extending along its sides for a part of thelength of said bucket, said flange being adapted to overhang and receivein the concave of its angle a portion of said frame and to engage thesame when said bucket is in normal non-tilted position, and to disengagetherefrom when the upwardly tilting end of said bucket is tiltingupwardly.

4. In a load dumping receptacle, the combination with a suitablesupporting frame, of two oppositely disposed buckets pivotally mountedthereon and adapted to closely approach each other at their inner endsin closed position and adapted at their inner ends to swing downwardlyin divergent arcs to open position, means for tilting said buckets, andmeans for locking said buckets in closed position said latter meansincluding ngers pivotally secured to the sides of the buckets near theinner ends of said buckets, said fingers above the axis of rotation oftheir pivots being adapted in operation to bear against the sides of thebuckets respectively and being adapted below the axis of rotation oftheir pivots to diverge from the sides of said buckets, dogs pivotallymounted on said frame and in operative position adapted at their nosesto engage the lower ends of said lingers, and means adapted to hold saiddogs in operative position,` said holding means being adapted to beretracted to disengage said dogs from operative position so as to permitsaid buckets to swing downward at their inner ends.

5. In a load dumping receptacle, the combination of a suitable frame,two oppositely disposed buckets pivotally supported thereon and adaptedto closely approach each other at their inner ends and adapted to tiltfrom closed position downwardly at their inner ends through divergentarcs, means for tilting said buckets, means for locking said buckets inclosed position, said latter means including fingers extending at adownward incline from said buckets and cylindrically recessed in theirlower ends, dogs pivotally mounted on said frame and each provided witha convex nose opposed to one of said fingers and struck on a radiusapproximately equal in length to the radius `of the recess in the lowerend of the opposing said finger,said dogs being adapted in operativeposition to engage said lingers, said dogs having vertically inclinedslotted apertures at their heels, a pin extending through said aperturesand-through -a vertically slotted lug carried by a piston rod or itsequivalent, means for operating said piston-rod to force down the heelsof said dogs so as to disengage them from said fingers and permit theinner ends of the buckets to swing downward into open orload-discharging position.

6. In a dumping device, the combination of a support7 a tiltablereceptacle open at one end, mounted upon said support, means for tiltingthe open end of said receptacle downwardly, means for supporting theopen end of said receptacle in raised normal position as distinguishedfrom its downwardly tilted po sition, said receptacle being adapted tobe returned by gravity to said normal position. In testimony whereof lhereunto allix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

GUSTAV A. RAKOVVSKY.

Wvitnesses:

JAMES T. lVArsoN, C. T. CRANDALL.

